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Law enforcement agencies have routinely accessed the vast trove of money transfer records without court oversight, Wyden said.
The Democratic senator’s office has been investigating the mass surveillance program for a year and has found that hundreds of law enforcement agencies have access to the money transfer database, which is housed inside an Arizona nonprofit known as the Transaction Record Analysis Center (TRAC).
The TRAC database was created as part of a 2014 money laundering settlement between the Arizona attorney general’s office and Western Union (NYSE:WU).
Wyden’s letter to Justice Department Inspector General Michael Horowitz also alleged that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and one of its sub-units, Homeland Security Investigations (HSI), hid key elements of the surveillance program from him during a February 2022 briefing.
A Department of Homeland Security spokesperson did not immediately reply to a request for comment. TRAC could not be immediately reached for comment.
The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, DHS and Arizona attorney general’s office have all asked for data from money transfer companies and directed them to send data to TRAC, Wyden said.
Western Union, MoneyGram International, Viamericas Corp, and Euronet Worldwide (NASDAQ:EEFT) are among the companies that have shared customer data with TRAC in bulk, he added.
“This unorthodox arrangement between state law enforcement, DHS and DOJ agencies to collect bulk money-transfer data raises a number of concerns about surveillance disproportionately affecting low-income, minority and immigrant communities,” Wyden’s letter said.
Wyden announced in March that HSI issued custom summonses, a type of subpoena, for millions of money transfer records between Mexican residents and people living in four U.S. states.
Wednesday’s announcement regarding the surveillance was broader than previously known. It listed 22 countries and one U.S. territory involved in the relevant transfers, including Columbia, Bolivia, Ukraine, Hong Kong, Costa Rica and Venezuela.
