Solana founder Anatoly Yakovenko says mainstream adoption of crypto will remain ‘slow’ for obvious reasons

“I honestly think it’s gonna be kind of slow because of this mental barrier to self custody,” Yakovenko tells Fortune, referring to the full possession of crypto assets and private keys for ownership. “We don’t know what those breakout applications are going to be that makes that shift. But something needs to give.”

Self custody, Yakovenko said, is “the biggest bottleneck in crypto.”

Adoption “really happens” when a person “figures out how to generate a key and store it securely, and then sign transactions. That’s a really slow process,” Yakovenko added. “People need to get it, and then the space grows. And it’s accelerating, but it’s still slow.”

Other issues, including security risks, also remain as hurdles to widespread adoption.

Solana is known as an alternative to Ethereum with its smart contracts, or collections of code that execute a set of instructions on-chain, that underpin NFTs and various applications in the DeFi realm. However, Solana has seen multiple outages and significant downtime, and some Solana-focused platforms have experienced hacks or other exploits. Though the latter isn’t necessarily Solana’s fault, it does weigh on users’ minds. (And most other networks have dealt with similar issues—some more than others.)

“When people ignore the best practices—when the best practices get easier, and then people ignore them—it’ll be pretty obvious whose fault that is,” Yakovenko said.

In the meantime, IRL experiences may help people warm up to Web3, the so-called decentralized iteration of the internet, said Yakovenko, with a touch of irony.

“Kind of counterintuitive, right? I think post COVID-19, people really are urging for real-life experiences,” he said, mentioning the Solana Spaces store that recently opened in New York. “Web3, so digital, it just felt like a silly thing that could work.”